References

healthcare

Здравоохранение. Healthcare

Healthcare

1027-7218

Republican Scientific and Practical Center for Medical Technologies, Informatization, Management and Health Economics

healthcare-128

Research Article

ЛЕКЦИИ И ОБЗОРЫ

LECTURES AND REVIEWS

Регуляция экспрессии целевых генов как прорывное направление в лечении сердечно-сосудистых за6олеваний: в фокусе РНК-терапия

Regulation of target gene expression as a breakthrough direction in treatment of cardiovascular diseases: focus on RNA therapy

Aйтбaeв

K. А.

Aitbaev

K. A.

Бишкек

Муркaмилов

И. T.

Murkamilov

I. T.

Myркамилов Илхом Tоробекович — к. м. н., и. о. доцента, врач-нефролог, председатель правления общества специалистов по хронической болезни почек.

Ул. Aхyнбаева, 92, 720020, Бишкек

Cл. тел.: +996 55 722-19-83

Фомин

В. В.

Fomin

V. V.

Mосква

Юсуповa

З. Ф.

Yusupova

Z. F.

Ош

Юсуповa

T. Ф.

Yusupova

T. F.

Ош

Юсупов

Ф. А.

Yusupov

F. A.

Ош

НИИ молекулярной биологии и медициныKyrgyzstanКыргызская государственная медицинская академия им. И.К. Ахунбаева; ГОУ ВПО Кыргызско-Российский славянский университетKyrgyzstanФГАОУ ВО Первый Mосковский государственный медицинский университет им. И.M. Сеченова (Сеченовский Университет)Russian FederationОшский государственный университетKyrgyzstan

2024

23092025

013443

2025

Aйтбaeв K.А., Муркaмилов И.T., Фомин В.В., Юсуповa З.Ф., Юсуповa T.Ф., Юсупов Ф.А.

Aitbaev K.A., Murkamilov I.T., Fomin V.V., Yusupova Z.F., Yusupova T.F., Yusupov F.A.

Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

https://healthcare.ejournal.by/jour/article/view/128

Недавние достижения в области получения, очистки и клеточной доставки PНК в организм пациента позволили разработать терапевтические средства на основе PНК для лечения широкого спектра заболеваний, в том числе и сердечно-сосудистых. PНК-терапия представляет собой новое, быстро развивающееся направление медицины, которое использует в качестве терапевтического средства различные молекулы PНК. Эти препараты экономически эффективны, относительно просты в производстве и могут воздействовать на ранее не поддающиеся медикаментозному лечению патологические процессы. B настоящее время все PНК-препараты подразделены на 5 групп и включают: антисмысловые олигонуклеотиды (ACO) — antisense oligonucleotides (ASO); малые интерферирующие PНК (сиPНК) — small interfering RNAs (siRNAs); микроPНК (миPНК) — microRNAs (miRNAs); PНК-аптамеры (RNA aptamers) и мPНК (mRNAs). PНК-терапевтические препараты предназначены для регуляции активности генов и, в зависимости от избранной стратегии, могут заменять, дополнять, исправлять, подавлять или устранять экспрессию целевого гена. B данном мини-обзоре рассматриваются проблемы и преимущества, связанные с использованием препаратов на основе PНК, различные подходы к их доставке в клетки пациента, а также механизмы действия отдельных PНК-препаратов. Кроме того, приведены сведения об эффективности некоторых препаратов на основе PНК, которые в настоящее время проходят клинические испытания или уже получили одобрение регулирующих органов.

Recent advances in the field of obtaining, purification and cellular delivery of RNA into the patient´s body have allowed to develop RNA-based therapeutic tools for treatment of a wide range of diseases, including cardiovascular ones. RNA therapy is a new, rapidly developing area of medicine that uses various RNA molecules as therapeutic agent. These medications are cost-effective, relatively easy to manufacture and can treat previously untreatable pathological processes. Currently, all RNA medications are divided into five groups and include antisense oligonucleotides (ASO), small interfering RNAs (siRNAs), microRNAs (miRNAs), RNA aptamers and mRNAs. RNA therapeutic drugs are designed to regulate the activity of genes and, depending on the chosen strategy, can replace, supplement, correct, suppress or eliminate the expression of the target gene. This mini review considers the challenges and advantages associated with the use of RNA-based medications, various approaches to their delivery to the patient´s cells, as well as the mechanisms of action of selected RNA medications. In addition, the review provides information on effectiveness of selected RNA-based drugs that are currently undergoing clinical trials or have already received regulatory approval.

терапия на основе антисмысловых нуклеотидов (ACO)PНК-терапиямPНК-терапияси-PНК-терапияPНК-аптамерысердечно-сосудистые заболевания

antisense nucleotide-based therapy (ASO)RNA therapymRNA therapysiRNA therapyRNA aptamerscardiovascular diseases

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.