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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">healthcare</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Здравоохранение. Healthcare</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Healthcare</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1027-7218</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Republican Scientific and Practical Center for Medical Technologies, Informatization, Management and Health Economics</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">healthcare-184</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Клиническая медицина</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Роль нутритивной поддержки в интенсивной терапии тяжелой черепно-мозговой травмы</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The role of nutritional support in the intensive care management of severe traumatic brain injury</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0002-5854-6033</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гончаров</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Hancharou</surname><given-names>V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Гончаров Вячеслав Викторович — врач — анестезиолог-реаниматолог отделения реанимации и интенсивной терапии для пациентов нейрохирургического профиля</p><p>Ул. Лейтенанта Кижеватова, 58, 220024, г. Минск</p><p>Сл. тел. +375 17 287-00-95</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7690-0871</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Светлицкая</surname><given-names>О. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sviatlitskaya</surname><given-names>V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Светлицкая Ольга Ивановна</p><p>Минск</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff xml:lang="ru" id="aff-1"><institution>Городская клиническая больница скорой медицинской помощи</institution><country>Belarus</country></aff><aff xml:lang="ru" id="aff-2"><institution>Городская клиническая больница скорой медицинской помощи; Белорусский государственный медицинский университет</institution><country>Belarus</country></aff><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>13</day><month>10</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>8</issue><fpage>4</fpage><lpage>13</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Гончаров В.В., Светлицкая О.И., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Гончаров В.В., Светлицкая О.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Hancharou V., Sviatlitskaya V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://healthcare.ejournal.by/jour/article/view/184">https://healthcare.ejournal.by/jour/article/view/184</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель исследования. Сравнить эффективность различных программ нутритивной поддержки у пациентов с тяжелой черепно-мозговой травмой (ЧМТ) при проведении комплексной интенсивной терапии.Материал и методы. Проведено одноцентровое проспективное рандомизированное исследование с участием 116 пациентов с тяжелой ЧМТ, госпитализированных в отделение реанимации и интенсивной терапии в период с 2017 по 2024 г. Пациенты были распределены на две группы с различными подходами к нутритивной поддержке. Оценивали клинические и лабораторные показатели, уровень катаболизма, а также исход по шкале исходов Глазго, длительность искусственной вентиляции легких, интенсивной терапии, стационарного лечения и частоту осложнений.Результаты. Пациенты основной группы с первого дня госпитализации получали целевые уровни энергии (28,84— 33,59 ккал/кг/сут) и белка (1,08—1,73 г/кг/сут), тогда как в контрольной группе значения были значительно ниже (0—30,62 ккал/кг/сут и 0—1,27 г/кг/сут соответственно) (p &lt; 0,05). Уровни С-реактивного бела на всем протяжении наблюдения статистически не различались между группами, тогда как концентрация прокальцитонина на 3, 5 и 7-е сут. была значительно ниже в основной группе (p &lt; 0,05); в остальное время различия не были статистически значимыми. Медиана продолжительности госпитализации была выше в основной группе (47 сут. против 26, p &lt; 0,05), частота осложнений — ниже (пневмония: 57,6 % против 84,0 %, p &lt; 0,05; синдром полиорганной недостаточности: 16,7 % против 34,0 %, p &lt; 0,05). Летальность в основной группе составила 51,5 % против 80,0 % в контрольной (p = 0,0261), благоприятный исход наблюдался чаще: 40,9 % против 14,0 % (p &lt; 0,05).Заключение. Программа нутритивной поддержки, направленная на получение целевого уровня энергии ≥ 30 ккал/кг/сут и белка ≥ 1,5 г/кг/сут, позволила снизить летальность и частоту осложнений, а также улучшить клинические исходы. Более длительная госпитализация у пациентов в основной группе исследования свидетельствует об увеличении выживаемости и, соответственно, дополнительном времени, потребовавшемся для их реабилитации.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Objective. To compare the effectiveness of different nutritional support programs in patients with severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) during comprehensive intensive care.Materials and methods. The study, conducted from 2017 to 2024, included 116 patients with severe TBI admitted to the ICU. Patients were randomized into two groups with different nutritional support strategies. The methods included evaluating clinical and laboratory parameters, catabolism levels, and outcomes using the Glasgow Outcome Scale, alongside durations of mechanical ventilation, intensive care, and hospital stay, as well as complication frequency.Results. Patients in the intervention group received target levels of energy (28.84—33.59 kcal/kg/day) and protein (1.08—1.73 g/kg/day) from the first day of hospitalization, whereas in the control group the values were significantly lower (0—30.62 kcal/kg/day; 0—1.27 g/kg/day) (p &lt; 0.05). C-reactive protein levels did not differ significantly between the groups throughout the observation period, while procalcitonin concentrations were significantly lower in the intervention group on days 3, 5, and 7 (p &lt; 0.05); at other time points, the differences were not statistically significant. The median duration of hospitalization was longer in the intervention group (47 vs. 26 days, p &lt; 0.05), while the incidence of complications was lower (pneumonia: 57.6 % vs. 84.0 %, p &lt; 0.05; multiple organ dysfunction syndrome: 16.7 % vs. 34.0 %, p &lt; 0.05). Mortality in the intervention group was 51.5 % compared to 80.0 % in the control group (p = 0.0261), and favorable outcomes occurred more frequently (40.9 % vs. 14.0 %, p &lt; 0.05).Conclusion. A nutritional support program aimed at achieving ≥ 30 kcal/kg/day of energy and ≥ 1.5 g/kg/day of protein intake contributed to a reduction in mortality and complication rates and improved clinical outcomes. The longer hospital stay observed in the intervention group may reflect increased survival and the need for extended rehabilitation time.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>тяжелая черепно-мозговая травма</kwd><kwd>нутритивная поддержка</kwd><kwd>программа</kwd><kwd>исходы</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>severe traumatic brain injury</kwd><kwd>nutritional support</kwd><kwd>program</kwd><kwd>clinical outcomes</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Global, regional, and national burden of traumatic brain injury from 1990 to 2021 // Frontiers in Public Health. — 2025. — URL: https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/public-health/articles/10.3389/fpubh.2025.1556147/full (date of access: 26.06.2025).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Global, regional, and national burden of traumatic brain injury from 1990 to 2021 // Frontiers in Public Health. — 2025. — URL: https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/public-health/articles/10.3389/fpubh.2025.1556147/full (date of access: 26.06.2025).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Johnson, L. 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