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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">healthcare</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Здравоохранение. Healthcare</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Healthcare</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1027-7218</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Republican Scientific and Practical Center for Medical Technologies, Informatization, Management and Health Economics</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.65249/1027-7218-2025-12-15-22</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">healthcare-228</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЩЕСТВЕННОЕ ЗДОРОВЬЕ И ЗДРАВООХРАНЕНИЕ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PUBLIC HEALTH AND HEALTHCARE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Ретинопатия недоношенных в Республике Беларусь: десятилетний эпидемиологический анализ и его влияние на скрининг</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Retinopathy of prematurity in the Republic of Belarus: a ten-year epidemiological analysis and its impact on screening</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5852-2616</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Красильникова</surname><given-names>В. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Krasilnikova</surname><given-names>V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Красильникова Виктория Леонидовна</p><p>г. Минск</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0004-6554-3230</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дудич</surname><given-names>О. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dudich</surname><given-names>O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Дудич Оксана Николаевна</p><p>Ул. Уборевича, 73, 220096, г. Минск</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0009-4193-7274</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Смирнов</surname><given-names>И. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Smirnov</surname><given-names>I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Смирнов Игорь Николаевич — зав. отделением микрохирургии глаза № 3</p><p>Ул. Уборевича, 73, 220096, г. Минск</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff xml:lang="ru" id="aff-1"><institution>Институт повышения квалификации и переподготовки кадров здравоохранения УО «Белорусский государственный медицинский университет»</institution><country>Belarus</country></aff><aff xml:lang="ru" id="aff-2"><institution>10-я городская клиническая больница</institution><country>Belarus</country></aff><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>17</day><month>01</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>12</issue><fpage>15</fpage><lpage>22</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Красильникова В.Л., Дудич О.Н., Смирнов И.Н., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Красильникова В.Л., Дудич О.Н., Смирнов И.Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Krasilnikova V., Dudich O., Smirnov I.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://healthcare.ejournal.by/jour/article/view/228">https://healthcare.ejournal.by/jour/article/view/228</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель исследования. Изучить динамику эпидемиологических показателей ретинопатии недоношенных (РН) в Республике Беларусь за 2014–2024 гг. и определить ее место в структуре детской офтальмопатологии и хирургической активности.Материал и методы. Проведен ретроспективный анализ статистических данных по РН по отчетам внештатных детских специалистов по офтальмологии и данных УЗ «Республиканский научно-практический центр «Мать и дитя» (РНПЦ «Мать и дитя») за 2014–2024 гг. Изучены показатели преждевременных родов, распределение новорожденных по массе тела (менее 2000, 1500 и 1000 г), частоте РН, структуре стадий заболевания, объему выполненных офтальмологических операций.Статистическую значимость трендов оценивали методами линейной регрессии (r), с помощью критерия χ² и t-критерия Стьюдента (p &lt; 0,05).Результаты. Установлено, что среднегодовая частота преждевременных родов составила 3,9 % (3335 ± 152 случаев), а доля детей с массой тела менее 1500 г возросла с 6,8 до 9,4 % (r = 0,92, p &lt; 0,001). Ретинопатия недоношенных выявлена у 22,4 % недоношенных, по данным РНПЦ «Мать и дитя», что эквивалентно 1,5 % всей офтальмопатологии детского возраста и сопоставимо с врожденными аномалиями глаза (1,7 %). За 11 лет доля терминальных стадий РН снизилась с 2,0 до 0,8 %, а операции по поводу РН стабильно составляли 10,0 % всех детских офтальмологических вмешательств (2-е место у пациентов младше 1 года).Заключение. Ретинопатия недоношенных остается значимой причиной детской инвалидизации; рост когорты новорожденных с экстремально низкой массой тела диктует необходимость совершенствования риск-ориентированного скрининга. Полученные данные могут служить эпидемиологической основой для пересмотра национальных критериев отбора и динамического наблюдения за группой детей с высоким риском развития РН.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Objective. To analyze the dynamics of epidemiological indicators of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) in the Republic of Belarus from 2014 to 2024 and to determine its place within the structure of pediatric ophthalmopathology and surgical activity.Material and methods. A retrospective analysis of statistical data on ROP was conducted based on reports from freelance pediatric ophthalmology specialists and data from the State Institution “Republican Scientific and Practical Center 'Mother and Child'” (RSPC “Mother and Child”) for the period 2014–2024. Indicators analyzed included rates of preterm birth, distribution of newborns by birth weight (BW) (&lt; 2000 g, &lt; 1500 g, and &lt; 1000 g), incidence of ROP, structure of disease stages, and volume of performed ophthalmic surgeries. The statistical significance of trends was assessed using linear regression (r), χ² test, and Student's t-test (p &lt; 0.05).Results. It was found that the average annual rate of preterm births was 3.9% (3335 ± 152 cases), and the proportion of children with BW &lt; 1500 g increased from 6.8 % to 9.4 % (r = 0.92, p &lt; 0.001). Retinopathy of prematurity was diagnosed in 7,022 (22.4%) preterm infants according to the RSPC “Mother and Child” data, which corresponds to 1.5% of all pediatric ophthalmopathology and is comparable to congenital eye anomalies (1.7 %). Over 11 years, the proportion of end-stage ROP declined from 2.0 % to 0.8 %, and ROP surgery consistently accounted for 10 % of all pediatric ophthalmic procedures (second most common in patients &lt; 1 year).Conclusion. ROP remains a major cause of childhood visual disability; growth of the extremely-low-birth-weight cohort necessitates refinement of risk-stratified screening. These data provide an epidemiologic basis for revising national eligibility criteria and follow-up schedules for infants at high risk of ROP.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>ретинопатия недоношенных</kwd><kwd>преждевременные роды</kwd><kwd>эпидемиология</kwd><kwd>скрининг</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>retinopathy of prematurity</kwd><kwd>preterm birth</kwd><kwd>epidemiology</kwd><kwd>screening</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kim, S. J. Retinopathy of prematurity : a review of risk factors and their clinical significance / S. J. Kim, A. D. Port, R. Swan // Survey of Ophthalmology. – 2018. – Vol. 63. – P. 618–637.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kim S.J., Port A.D., Swan R. Retinopathy of prematurity. 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