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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">healthcare</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Здравоохранение. Healthcare</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Healthcare</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1027-7218</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Republican Scientific and Practical Center for Medical Technologies, Informatization, Management and Health Economics</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">healthcare-25</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Клиническая медицина</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Определение цитокератина-18 и гранзима Б в моче: скрининговый метод диагностики хронических заболеваний почек у детей</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Determination of cytokeratin-18 and granzyme B in urine: screening method for the diagnosis of chronic kidney diseases in children</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кондратенко</surname><given-names>О. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kondratenko</surname><given-names>O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кондратенко Оксана Александровна — заместитель главного врача по медицинской экспертизе и реабилитацииул. Шишкина, 24, 220118, г. Минск, БеларусьСл. тел.+375 17 301-86-99</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мириленко</surname><given-names>А. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mirilenko</surname><given-names>A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Минск, Беларусь</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Козыро</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kazyra</surname><given-names>I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Минск, Беларусь</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff xml:lang="ru" id="aff-1"><institution>10-я городская детская клиническая поликлиника</institution><country>Belarus</country></aff><aff xml:lang="ru" id="aff-2"><institution>Белорусский государственный аграрный технический университет</institution><country>Belarus</country></aff><aff xml:lang="ru" id="aff-3"><institution>Белорусский государственный медицинский университет</institution><country>Belarus</country></aff><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>22</day><month>09</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>12</fpage><lpage>18</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Кондратенко О.А., Мириленко А.П., Козыро И.А., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Кондратенко О.А., Мириленко А.П., Козыро И.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kondratenko O., Mirilenko A., Kazyra I.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://healthcare.ejournal.by/jour/article/view/25">https://healthcare.ejournal.by/jour/article/view/25</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель исследования. Оценить возможности определения молекул апоптоза и эндотелиальной дисфункции в моче в качестве показателей для скрининга хронических заболеваний почек у детей.Материал и методы. Обследован 141 пациент с хроническими заболеваниями почек. В группу сравнения вошли условно здоровые дети (n = 48) без признаков поражения почек и аутоиммунного процесса. Количественное определение уровня гранзима Б, цитокератина-18, молекулы межклеточной адгезии-1 (ICAM-1) проводили методом иммуноферментного анализа.Результаты. Концентрация гранзима Б в моче 0,021 и выше свидетельствует о наличии у пациента хронического заболевания почек. Диагностическая точность этого теста по данным ROC-анализа составила 87,0 % (95 % ДИ (69,0—100,0), чувствительность (Se) теста — 90,5 %, специфичность (Sp) — 93,0 %). Уровень цитокератина-18 в моче 0,036 и выше также свидетельствует о наличии хронической нефропатии (диагностическая точность — 94,9 % (95 % ДИ (89,4—100,0), Se — 90,0 %, Sp — 91,3 %). В случае теста с ICAM-1 о наличии хронического заболевания почек можно говорить, если значение этого маркера в моче меньше 9,8 (диагностическая точность по данным ROC-анализа — 97,4 % (95 % ДИ (93,3—100,0), Se — 90,0 %, Sp — 97,6 %). В результате сравнительной оценки клинической полезности наиболее перспективным оказалось применение теста с определением цитокератина-18 и гранзима Б в моче.Заключение. При проведении двухступенчатого скрининга с последовательными тестами определения гранзима Б и цитокератина-18 в моче в популяции детей, содержащей 0,275 % (1 на 364) пациентов с хроническими заболеваниями почек, вероятность наличия хронической нефропатии у пациента с двойным положительным тестом составит 26,94 %.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Objective. To evaluate the possibilities of determining molecules of apoptosis and endothelial dysfunction in urine as indicators for screening chronic kidney diseases in children.Materials and methods. 141 patients with chronic kidney diseases were examined. The comparison group included conditionally healthy children (n = 48) without signs of kidney damage and autoimmune process. Quantitative determination of granzyme B, cytokeratin-18, and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) was performed by enzyme immunoassay.Results. The concentration of granzyme B in urine is 0.021 or higher, indicating that the patient has chronic kidney disease. The diagnostic accuracy of this test according to the ROC analysis was 87.0 % (95 % CI (69.0—100.0), sensitivity (Se) of the test was 90.5 %, specificity (Sp) was 93.0 %). The level of cytokeratin-18 in urine of 0.036 and higher also indicates the presence of chronic nephropathy (diagnostic accuracy — 94.9 % (95 % (CI 89.4—100.0), Se — 90.0 %, Sp — 91.3 %). In the case of the ICAM-1 test, the presence of chronic kidney disease can be indicated if the value of this marker in urine is less than 9.8 (diagnostic accuracy according to ROC analysis is 97.4 % (95 % (CI (93.3—100.0); Se — 90.0 %, Sp — 97.6 %). As a result of a comparative assessment of clinical usefulness, the use of a test with the determination of cytokeratin-18 and granzyme B in urine turned out to be the most promising.Conclusion. When conducting a two-stage screening with sequential tests for the determination of granzyme B and cytokeratin-18 in urine in a population of children containing 0.275 % (1 in 364) of patients with chronic kidney disease, the probability of chronic nephropathy in a patient with a double positive test will be 26.94 %.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>цитокератин-18</kwd><kwd>гранзим Б</kwd><kwd>ICAM-1</kwd><kwd>хронические заболевания почек</kwd><kwd>дети</kwd><kwd>гломерулопатии</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>cytokeratin-18</kwd><kwd>granzyme B</kwd><kwd>ICAM-1</kwd><kwd>chronic kidney disease</kwd><kwd>children</kwd><kwd>glomerulopathy</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Akchurin, О. Chronic kidney disease and dietary measures to improve outcomes / O. 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