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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">healthcare</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Здравоохранение. Healthcare</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Healthcare</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1027-7218</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Republican Scientific and Practical Center for Medical Technologies, Informatization, Management and Health Economics</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.65249/1027-7218-2026-2-67-74</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">healthcare-253</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>СЛУЧАИ ИЗ КЛИНИЧЕСКОЙ ПРАКТИКИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CASES FROM CLINICAL PRACTICE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Проблемы диагностики и терапии аутоиммунных энцефалитов в педиатрической практике: собственное наблюдение</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Diagnostic and therapeutic challenges of autoimmune encephalitis in pediatric practice: case reports</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8099-8143</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шалькевич</surname><given-names>Л. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shalkevich</surname><given-names>L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Минск </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0007-6657-7434</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сташков</surname><given-names>А. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Stashkov</surname><given-names>A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сташков Артем Константинович – врач – детский невролог</p><p>Ул. Володарского, 1, 220030, г. Минск </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Филипович</surname><given-names>Е. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Filipovich</surname><given-names>E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Минск </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0009-7521-4605</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хорликова</surname><given-names>О. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Khorlikava</surname><given-names>O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Минск </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3238-6318</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Нефедова</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Niafiodava</surname><given-names>A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Минск </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff xml:lang="ru" id="aff-1"><institution>Белорусский государственный медицинский университет</institution><country>Belarus</country></aff><aff xml:lang="ru" id="aff-2"><institution>Минский городской детский клинический центр медицинской реабилитации</institution><country>Belarus</country></aff><aff xml:lang="ru" id="aff-3"><institution>3-я городская детская клиническая больница</institution><country>Belarus</country></aff><aff xml:lang="ru" id="aff-4"><institution>Республиканский научно-практический центр детской онкологии,&#13;
гематологии и иммунологии</institution><country>Belarus</country></aff><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>16</day><month>03</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>67</fpage><lpage>74</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Шалькевич Л.В., Сташков А.К., Филипович Е.К., Хорликова О.А., Нефедова Е.А., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Шалькевич Л.В., Сташков А.К., Филипович Е.К., Хорликова О.А., Нефедова Е.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Shalkevich L., Stashkov A., Filipovich E., Khorlikava O., Niafiodava A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://healthcare.ejournal.by/jour/article/view/253">https://healthcare.ejournal.by/jour/article/view/253</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цель исследования</title><p>Цель исследования. Проанализировать клинические случаи детей с аутоиммунными энцефалитами (АЭ) для определения основных проблем диагностики и предложения оптимальной тактики по ведению пациентов с этим видом патологии различного генеза.</p></sec><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. Представлены клинические случаи АЭ в педиатрической практике: клинический случай 1 – пациент X с АЭ паранеопластического генеза; клинический случай 2 – пациент Y с АЭ идиопатического генеза. Проведен анализ течения болезни с оценкой диагностического маршрута, выбора терапии, исхода заболевания.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. При ведении пациентов в педиатрической практике специалисты сталкиваются с рядом сложных клинических задач: непостоянность клинической картины при интермиттирующем течении энцефалита, наличие ложноположительных и ложноотрицательных результатов лабораторных исследований, неспецифические изменения при выполнении нейровизуализации, невозможность оценить истинный клинический эффект от проводимой неспецифической комбинированной медикаментозной терапии на ранних этапах болезни и, как следствие – неверная маршрутизация пациентов.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Клинико-диагностические затруднения нивелируются тщательным сбором анамнеза жизни, строгим соблюдением ступенчатости терапии, исключением схожих патологий посредством привлечения узких специалистов, а также динамическим наблюдением за развитием клинической картины в условиях как амбулаторного, так и стационарного звена.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective. to analyze clinical cases of children with autoimmune encephalitis (AE) to identify main diagnostic challenges and propose optimal management strategies for patients with this pathology of various origins.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. Clinical cases of AE in pediatric practice are presented by: Case 1 – Patient X with paraneoplastic AE; Case 2 – Patient Y with idiopathic AE. An analysis of the disease course was conducted, including evaluation of the diagnostic pathway, therapy selection, and disease outcome.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. During managing patients in pediatric practice, specialists face a number of difficult clinical challenges: the variability of the clinical picture in the intermittent course of encephalitis, the presence of false-positive and false-negative results of laboratory tests, nonspecific changes on neuroimaging, the inability to assess the true clinical effect of nonspecific combination drug therapy in the early stages of the disease and, as a consequence, the subsequent incorrect routing of patients.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Clinical and diagnostic difficulties are offset by careful collection of life history, strict adherence to the stepwise therapy, exclusion of similar pathologies through the involvement of subspecialists, as well as dynamic monitoring of the development of the clinical picture in both outpatient and inpatient settings.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>аутоиммунный энцефалит</kwd><kwd>паранеопластический синдром</kwd><kwd>клинический случай</kwd><kwd>лечение</kwd><kwd>прогноз</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>autoimmune encephalitis</kwd><kwd>paraneoplastic syndrome</kwd><kwd>clinical case</kwd><kwd>treatment</kwd><kwd>prognosis</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Шалькевич, Л. В. Современные аспекты диагностики и лечения пациентов с аутоиммунными энцефалитами / Л. В. Шалькевич, А. К. 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