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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">healthcare</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Здравоохранение. Healthcare</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Healthcare</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1027-7218</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Republican Scientific and Practical Center for Medical Technologies, Informatization, Management and Health Economics</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">healthcare-27</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Клиническая медицина</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Структура и сравнительный анализ коморбидных состояний у детей с анемией недоношенных</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Structure and comparative analysis of comorbid conditions in children with anemia of prematurity</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Козарезова</surname><given-names>А. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kozarezova</surname><given-names>A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Козарезова Анна Михайловна — врач-неонатолог</p><p>ул. Ф. Скорины, 16, 220076, г. МинскСл. тел. +375 17 323-00-94</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Климкович</surname><given-names>Н. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Klimkovich</surname><given-names>N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Минск, Беларусь</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Красько</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Krasko</surname><given-names>O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Минск, Беларусь</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сухарева</surname><given-names>А. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sukharava</surname><given-names>А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Минск, Беларусь</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Берестень</surname><given-names>С. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Beresten</surname><given-names>S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Минск, Беларусь</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff xml:lang="ru" id="aff-1"><institution>Клинический родильный дом Минской области</institution><country>Belarus</country></aff><aff xml:lang="ru" id="aff-2"><institution>Белорусский государственный медицинский университет</institution><country>Belarus</country></aff><aff xml:lang="ru" id="aff-3"><institution>Объединенный институт проблем информатики НАН Беларуси</institution><country>Belarus</country></aff><aff xml:lang="ru" id="aff-4"><institution>Республиканский научно-практический центр «Мать и дитя»</institution><country>Belarus</country></aff><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>22</day><month>09</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>19</fpage><lpage>26</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Козарезова А.М., Климкович Н.Н., Красько О.В., Сухарева А.П., Берестень С.А., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Козарезова А.М., Климкович Н.Н., Красько О.В., Сухарева А.П., Берестень С.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kozarezova A., Klimkovich N., Krasko O., Sukharava А., Beresten S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://healthcare.ejournal.by/jour/article/view/27">https://healthcare.ejournal.by/jour/article/view/27</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель исследования. Провести анализ спектра и частоты коморбидных состояний у детей с ранней анемией недоношенных в зависимости от срока гестации.Материал и методы. Все дети с ранней анемией недоношенных ретроспективно в зависимости от срока гестации при рождении были разделены на три группы: 1-я группа — до 28 нед. (n = 16); 2-я группа — 28—31 нед. (n = 63); 3-я группа — 32—37 нед. (n = 31). Проанализировано абсолютное большинство патологических состояний, которые предшествовали или сопровождали развитие ранней анемии у недоношенных детей. Статистические расчеты проведены в статистическом пакете R, версия 4.3.Результаты. Установлено отсутствие статистически значимой разницы в сроках манифестации ранней анемии недоношенных в зависимости от срока гестации при рождении. У недоношенных с анемией отмечается статистически значимый тренд на уменьшение количества таких тяжелых заболеваний, как ретинопатия недоношенного и бронхолегочная дисплазия, с увеличением гестационного срока. Выявлено уменьшение частоты врожденной пневмонии и сепсиса новорожденного с увеличением гестационного срока. При этом регистрируется статистически значимый тренд на увеличение частоты неуточненной инфекции, специфичной для перинатального периода, с увеличением срока гестации.Выводы. Выявленные тренды при анализе коморбидных состояний у недоношенных детей с анемией, вероятнее всего, связаны с дефектом иммунно-эндокринной регуляции вследствие рождения раньше срока. Повышение частоты инфекции, специфичной для перинатального периода, в группе новорожденных с поздней недоношенностью обусловлено более высоким уровнем реактивности организма у детей с большим сроком гестации, что ограничивает процесс генерализации и тяжелого течения инфекции.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Objective. To analyze the spectrum and frequency of comorbid conditions in children with early anemia of prematurity depending on the gestational age.Materials and methods. A retrospective cohort study was conducted of 110 premature newborns with early anemia of prematurity. The babies was divided depending on the gestational age at birth into 3 groups: group 1— up to 28 weeks of gestation (n = 16); group 2 — with a gestational age of 28—31 weeks (n = 63); group 3 — with a gestational age of 32—37 weeks (n = 31). We were analyzed the absolute majority of pathological conditions that preceded or accompanied the development of early anemia of prematurity in children. Statistical calculations were carried out in the R statistical package, version 4.3.Results. In this cohort were not installed statistically significant difference in the timing of manifestation of early anemia of prematurity depending on the gestational age at birth. There is a statistically significant trend towards a decrease in the number of such serious diseases as retinopathy of prematurity and bronchopulmonary dysplasia, with increasing gestational age in premature infants with anemia. We was revealed a decrease in the incidence of congenital pneumonia and neonatal sepsis with increasing gestational age. At the same time, a statistically significant trend is recorded towards an increase in the frequency of an unspecified infection specific to the perinatal period with increasing gestational age.Conclusion. The identified trends in the analysis of comorbid conditions in premature infants of different gestational ages with anemia are most likely associated with a defect in immune-endocrine regulation due to premature birth. The increased frequency of infection specific to the perinatal period in the group of newborns with late prematurity is due to a higher level of organism reactivity in children with a longer gestation period, which limits the process of generalization and severe course of the infection.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>анемия недоношенных</kwd><kwd>коморбидные состояния при ранней анемии недоношенных</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>anemia of prematurity</kwd><kwd>comorbid conditions in early anemia of prematurity</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">National, regional, and global estimates of preterm birth in 2020, with trends from 2010 : a systematic analysis / E. O. Ohuma, A. B. Moller, E. 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