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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">healthcare</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Здравоохранение. Healthcare</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Healthcare</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1027-7218</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Republican Scientific and Practical Center for Medical Technologies, Informatization, Management and Health Economics</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.65249/1027-7218-2026-6-4-17</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">healthcare-304</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>НАУЧНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ И РАЗРАБОТКИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Анализ летальных исходов при остром панкреатите</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Analysis of fatal outcomes in acute pancreatitis</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0569-3427</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Куделич</surname><given-names>О. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kudelich</surname><given-names>O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Куделич Олег Аркадьевич – к. м. н., доцент кафедры хирургии и трансплантологии с курсом повышения квалификации и переподготовки</p><p>Пр. Дзержинского, 83, 220083, г. Минск Сл. тел. +375 17 340-02-52</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0002-0992-2936</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Городецкий</surname><given-names>П. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Haradzetski</surname><given-names>P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Городецкий Павел Дмитриевич</p><p>Минск</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5295-1068</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кондратенко</surname><given-names>Г. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kondratenko</surname><given-names>G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кондратенко Геннадий Георгиевич</p><p>Минск</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ковалевич</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kovalevich</surname><given-names>E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Минск</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шестопалов</surname><given-names>С. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shestopalov</surname><given-names>S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Минск</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff xml:lang="ru" id="aff-1"><institution>Белорусский государственный медицинский университет</institution><country>Belarus</country></aff><aff xml:lang="ru" id="aff-2"><institution>10-я городская клиническая больница</institution><country>Belarus</country></aff><aff xml:lang="ru" id="aff-3"><institution>Городское клиническое патологоанатомическое бюро</institution><country>Belarus</country></aff><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>01</day><month>08</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>6</issue><fpage>4</fpage><lpage>17</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Куделич О.А., Городецкий П.Д., Кондратенко Г.Г., Ковалевич Е.В., Шестопалов С.А., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Куделич О.А., Городецкий П.Д., Кондратенко Г.Г., Ковалевич Е.В., Шестопалов С.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kudelich O., Haradzetski P., Kondratenko G., Kovalevich E., Shestopalov S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://healthcare.ejournal.by/jour/article/view/304">https://healthcare.ejournal.by/jour/article/view/304</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель исследования. Установить ведущие факторы, участвующие в формировании неблагоприятных исходов на ранней фазе острого некротизирующего панкреатита (ОНП) и определить возможные перспективные пути влияния на них на госпитальном этапе.Материал и методы. Для выявления динамики в структуре причин смерти и факторов, ассоциированных с летальными исходами, в сравнительном плане проанализированы результаты патологоанатомических исследований умерших в связи с ОНП в периоды с 2010 по 2012 г. (n = 151) и с 2018 по 2021 г. (n = 164).Результаты. При ОНП неблагоприятные исходы в сроки до 2 нед. от начала заболевания в обеих сравниваемых группах наступали в 1,4 раза чаще, чем в более поздние сроки (p = 0,003). Распространенный некроз поджелудочной железы у умерших в сравниваемых периодах наблюдался в абсолютном большинстве случаев (96 % и 89 % соответственно). Однако изолированное поражение только одного отдела поджелудочной железы в период 2018–2021 гг. встречалось в 3 раза чаще (p = 0,019), что свидетельствует о формировании более тесной связи неблагоприятных исходов не только с объемом некроза поджелудочной железы, но и с другими экстрапанкреатическими поражениями. Поражение парапанкреатической и забрюшинной клетчатки наблюдалось у большинства (98,4 %) умерших, преимущественно патологический процесс носил распространенный характер (63,2 %), при этом общая частота парапанкреатита в 2018–2021 гг. стала значимо более высокой по сравнению с 2010–2012 гг. (р = 0,018). У умерших в связи с ОНП инфицированные образования различной локализации в 2018–2021 гг. обнаруживались в 1,7 раза чаще по сравнению с 2010–2012 гг. (124 и 72 случая соответственно, р = 0,028), причем инфицированные жидкостные скопления наиболее постоянно (34,2 %) локализовались в сальниковой сумке, в последние годы их стало в 4,6 раза больше (55 и 12 случаев соответственно, р = 0,001), а инфицирование жидкостных скоплений данной локализации в сроки до 2 нед. от начала ОНП возникало заметно чаще, чем в 2010–2012 гг. (16 и 4 случая соответственно, р = 0,001). В большинстве посевов секционного материала обнаружена госпитальная флора, а кишечная – высевалась на порядок реже (75 и 12 случаев соответственно, р = 0,001). Из 75 случаев контаминации до летального исхода были оперированы 63 (84 %) умерших, между этими признаками выявлена прямая корреляционная зависимость (р = 0,049). Непосредственной причиной смерти при ОНП в большинстве наблюдений (219 (69,5 %) умерших) явился синдром полиорганной недостаточности. У умерших в ранней фазе ОНП в 2018–2021 гг. стали значимо чаще наблюдаться патоморфологические поражения почек (91,7 %, р = 0,001), головного мозга (89,6 %, р = 0,001) и печени (81,3 %, р = 0,001).Заключение. Сравнительный анализ результатов патологоанатомических исследований умерших в связи с ОНП в периоды 2010–2012 гг. и 2018–2021 гг. позволил выявить динамику основных факторов, связанных с неблагоприятными исходами, на которые следует повлиять с помощью медицинских мер, разработки и внедрения новых значимых и эффективных подходов на ранней фазе заболевания.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Objective. To identify the leading factors involved in the formation of adverse outcomes in the early phase of acute necrotizing pancreatitis (ANP) and to determine possible promising ways to influence them at the hospital stage.Materials and methods. To identify the dynamics in the structure of causes of death and factors associated with fatal outcomes, the results of pathological studies of those who died due to ANP in the periods from 2010 to 2012 (n = 151) and from 2018 to 2021 (n = 164) were comparatively analysed.Results. In ANP, adverse outcomes within 2 weeks of onset were 1.4 times more common in both comparison groups than at later stages (p = 0.003). Widespread pancreatic necrosis (PN) was observed in the vast majority of cases (96 % and 89 %, respectively) among patients who died in the comparison periods. However, isolated lesions of only one part of the pancreas were three times more common between 2018 and 2021 (p = 0.019), indicating a closer association between adverse outcomes and not only the extent of PN, but also other extrapancreatic lesions. Damage to the parapancreatic and retroperitoneal tissue was observed in the majority of deceased (98.4 %), the pathological process was predominantly widespread (63.2 %), while the overall incidence of parapancreatitis in 2018– 2021 became significantly higher compared to 2010–2012 (p = 0.018). In patients who died due to ANP, infected formations of various localizations were detected 1.7 times more often in 2018–2021 compared to 2010–2012 (124 and 72 cases, respectively; p = 0.028), with infected fluid collections most consistently (34.2 %) localized in the omental bursa; in recent years, their number has increased 4.6 times (55 and 12 cases, respectively; p = 0.001), and infection of fluid collections of this localization within 2 weeks from the onset of ANP occurred significantly more often than in 2010–2012 (16 and 4 cases, respectively; p = 0.001). In most cultures of sectional material, hospital flora was found, and intestinal flora was sown an order of magnitude less often (75 and 12 cases, respectively; p = 0.001). Of the 75 cases of contamination before death, 63 deaths (84 %) were operated on, a direct correlation was revealed between these signs (p = 0.049). The immediate cause of death in ANP in the majority of cases (219 (69.5 %) deaths) was multiple organ failure syndrome. In those who died in the early phase of ANP in 2018–2021, pathological lesions of the kidneys (91.7 %, p = 0.001), brain (89.6 %, p = 0.001), and liver (81.3 %, p = 0.001) became significantly more common.Conclusion. A comparative analysis of the results of pathological examinations of patients who died due to ANP between 2010– 2012 and 2018–2021 revealed the dynamics of the main factors associated with adverse outcomes that should be addressed through medical interventions and the development and implementation of new, meaningful, and effective approaches at the early stage of the disease.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>острый панкреатит</kwd><kwd>некроз</kwd><kwd>поджелудочная железа</kwd><kwd>осложнение</kwd><kwd>непосредственная причина смерти</kwd><kwd>синдром полиорганной недостаточности</kwd><kwd>летальность</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>acute pancreatitis</kwd><kwd>necrosis</kwd><kwd>pancreas</kwd><kwd>complication</kwd><kwd>immediate causes of death</kwd><kwd>multiple organ dysfunction syndrome</kwd><kwd>mortality</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Global incidence of acute pancreatitis is increasing over time : a systematic review and meta-analysis / J. 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