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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">healthcare</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Здравоохранение. Healthcare</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Healthcare</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1027-7218</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Republican Scientific and Practical Center for Medical Technologies, Informatization, Management and Health Economics</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.65249/1027-7218-2026-7-48-57</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">healthcare-322</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЩЕСТВЕННОЕ ЗДОРОВЬЕ И ЗДРАВООХРАНЕНИЕ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PUBLIC HEALTH AND HEALTHCARE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Гендерные и возрастные особенности употребления алкоголя в Беларуси, Молдове и Узбекистане</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Gender and age characteristics of alcohol consumption in Belarus, Moldova and Uzbekistan</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0004-9110-0185</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сачек</surname><given-names>М. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sachek</surname><given-names>M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сачек Марина Михайловна – д. м. н., доцент, профессор кафедры организации здравоохранения </p><p>Ул. П. Бровки, 3, к. 3, 220013, г. Минск</p><p>Сл. тел. +375 17 311-27-85 </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9550-6896</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Щавелева</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shchaveleva</surname><given-names>M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Щавелева Марина Викторовна </p><p>Минск</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff xml:lang="ru" id="aff-1"><institution>Институт повышения квалификации и переподготовки кадров здравоохранения УО «Белорусский государственный медицинский университет»</institution><country>Belarus</country></aff><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>13</day><month>08</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>1</volume><issue>7</issue><fpage>48</fpage><lpage>57</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Сачек М.М., Щавелева М.В., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Сачек М.М., Щавелева М.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Sachek M., Shchaveleva M.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://healthcare.ejournal.by/jour/article/view/322">https://healthcare.ejournal.by/jour/article/view/322</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель исследования. Провести сравнение распространенности потребления алкоголя в республиках Беларусь, Молдова и Узбекистан с учетом пола и возраста.Материал и методы. Используя данные STEPS-исследований, Global status report on alcohol and health and treatment of substance use Disorders (ВОЗ, 2024), проведен сравнительный анализ распространенности употребления алкоголя в республиках Беларусь (2020), Молдова (2021), Узбекистан (2019) в зависимости от пола и возраста. Методы – контент-анализ, статистический анализ.Результаты. Установлены достоверные различия в распространенности употребления алкоголя: для белорусов и молдаван – более высокое распространение употребления алкоголя в сравнении с жителями Узбекистана. Употребление алкоголя имеет гендерные и возрастные различия: в представленных странах выше доля мужчин, употребляющих алкоголь; с возрастом не отмечается уменьшения доли населения, употребляющего алкоголь. Низкий уровень употребления алкоголя в Узбекистане может быть ассоциирован с более высокой ожидаемой продолжительностью жизни мужчин.Заключение. При разработке национальных стратегий по профилактике факторов риска хронических неинфекционных заболеваний следует учитывать гендерные и возрастные особенности употребления алкоголя. На распространение употребления алкоголя значительное влияние оказывают исторические и конфессиональные особенности стран, не влияют модель социально-экономического развития государства, а также тип системы здравоохранения, функционирующий в стране. Ответственность граждан за сохранение и укрепление своего здоровья неразрывно связана с ведением здорового образа жизни. Снижение употребления алкоголя представляет собой значительный резерв для увеличения продолжительности жизни мужского населения в странах с высоким уровнем потребления.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Objective. To compare the prevalence of alcohol consumption in the Republics of Belarus, Moldova and Uzbekistan, taking into account gender and age.Materials and methods. Materials and Methods. Using data from STEPS surveys, the Republic of Belarus (2020), the Republic of Moldova (2021), the Republic of Uzbekistan (2019), Global status report on alcohol and health and treatment of substance use disorders (WHO, 2024), a comparative analysis of the prevalence of alcohol consumption in the countries depending on gender and age was conducted. Methods – content analysis, statistical analysis. Results. Reliable differences in the prevalence of alcohol consumption were found: Belarusians and Moldavians have a higher prevalence of alcohol consumption compared to the residents of Uzbekistan. Alcohol consumption has gender and age differences: in the represented countries the share of male drinkers is higher; there is no decrease in the share of drinking population with age.Conclusion. When developing national strategies to prevent non-communicable diseases risk factors, gender and age-specific patterns of alcohol consumption should be taken into account. The prevalence of alcohol consumption is not influenced by the model of socio-economic development of the state, as well as the type of health care system functioning in the country. The responsibility of citizens for preserving and strengthening their health is inextricably linked to leading a healthy lifestyle.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>распространенность потребления алкоголя</kwd><kwd>STEPS-исследования</kwd><kwd>хронические неинфекционные заболевания</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>prevalence of alcohol consumption</kwd><kwd>STEPS surveys</kwd><kwd>non-communicable diseases</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Глобальные факторы риска для здоровья // ВОЗ. – 2015. – URL: https://iris.who.int/bitstream/handle/10665/44203/9789244563878_rus.pdf (дата обращения: 17.03.2026).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Global health risk factors. 2015. WHO. Available at: https://iris.who.int/bitstream/handle/10665/44203/9789244563878_rus.pdf (accessed: 17.03.2026). 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