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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">healthcare</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Здравоохранение. Healthcare</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Healthcare</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1027-7218</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Republican Scientific and Practical Center for Medical Technologies, Informatization, Management and Health Economics</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">healthcare-73</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЛЕКЦИИ И ОБЗОРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>LECTURES AND REVIEWS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Дефицит альфа-1-антитрипсина: генетические основы, диагностика и методы лечения</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Аlpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency: genetic basis, diagnosis and treatment</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Силивончик</surname><given-names>Н. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Silivontchik</surname><given-names>N. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Силивончик Наталья Николаевна – д. м. н., профессор кафедры терапии</p><p>Ул. П. Бровки, 3, к. 3, 220013, г. Минск;</p><p>Сл. тел. +375 29 135-45-70.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Жигальцова-Кучинская</surname><given-names>О. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zhigaltsova-Kuchinskaya</surname><given-names>O. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Минск</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ИПК и ПКЗ УО «Белорусский государственный медицинский университет»</institution><country>Беларусь</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>ИПК и ПКЗ УО «Белорусский государственный медицинский университет»</institution><country>Belarus</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Белорусский государственный медицинский университет</institution><country>Беларусь</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Белорусский государственный медицинский университет</institution><country>Belarus</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>23</day><month>09</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>7</issue><fpage>21</fpage><lpage>28</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Силивончик Н.Н., Жигальцова-Кучинская О.А., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Силивончик Н.Н., Жигальцова-Кучинская О.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Silivontchik N.N., Zhigaltsova-Kuchinskaya O.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://healthcare.ejournal.by/jour/article/view/73">https://healthcare.ejournal.by/jour/article/view/73</self-uri><abstract><p>Дефицит альфа-1-антитрипсина (А1АТ) является недостаточно диагностируемым наследственным заболеванием, характеризующимся снижением уровня А1АТ в сыворотке крови и повышенным риском развития заболеваний легких и печени в раннем возрасте. A1AT кодируется высокополиморфным геном SERPINA1. В большинстве случаев клинические проявления дефицита А1АТ связаны с генотипом PiZZ, реже могут присутствовать дефицитные или нулевые аллели. Дефицит А1АТ диагностируется путем комбинации исследования уровня А1АТ в сыворотке крови, фенотипирования А1АТ и/или генотипирования гена А1АТ. При постановке точного диагноза пациенту будет настоятельно рекомендовано отказаться от курения, предложено наблюдение пульмонологом и гастроэнтерологом, неспецифическое и при возможности специфическое лечение.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Alpha-1-antitrypsin (A1AT) deficiency is an under-diagnosed hereditary disorder characterized by reduced serum levels of alpha1-antitrypsin (A1AT) and increased risk to develop lung and liver diseases at an early age. A1AT is encoded by the highly polymorphic SERPINA1 gene. In most cases the clinical manifestations of A1AT deficiency are associated with PiZZ genotype, less frequently, deficient or null alleles may be present. A1AT deficiency is diagnosed by a combination of serum A1AT levels, A1AT phenotyping and/or A1AT genotyping. An accurate diagnosis facilitates the physician’s ability to actively intervene with measures such as smoking cessation and perhaps augmentation therapy.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>альфа-1-антитрипсин</kwd><kwd>дефицит альфа-1-антитрипсина</kwd><kwd>ZZ</kwd><kwd>хроническая обструктивная болезнь легких</kwd><kwd>неонатальная желтуха</kwd><kwd>гепатит</kwd><kwd>лечение</kwd><kwd>аугментационная терапия</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>alpha-1-antitrypsin</kwd><kwd>alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency</kwd><kwd>ZZ</kwd><kwd>chronic obstructive pulmonary disease</kwd><kwd>neonatal jaundice</kwd><kwd>hepatitis</kwd><kwd>therapy</kwd><kwd>augmentation therapy</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency: memorandum from a WHO meeting / World Health Organization // Bull. 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