Epidemiological aspects of esophageal burns in children due to ingestion of chemical substances
Abstract
Literature review for the period 2017—2023 presents data on the frequency of etiology of chemical burns of the upper gastrointestinal tract in children and the types of damage from aggressive substances. Unintentional ingestion of aggressive substances by children at home occurs everywhere. The proportion of children under 3 years of age is 69—93 % of all age groups of children. Cases of intentional ingestion of aggressive substances by adolescents for the purpose of suicide have been described. The etiology of a chemical burn of the esophagus depends on the geographic region and is associated with the traditional use of acids and alkalis in everyday life and with the industrial production of household chemicals. The most severe damage is caused by sodium hydroxide, called caustic soda. The consequence of a II—III degree esophageal burn is esophageal stricture. For timely assessment of the severity of the burn, it is important to perform esophagogastroscopy within 48 hours. It is necessary to develop a management system to prevent accidental ingestion of aggressive substances by children, as well as the creation of guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of chemical burns of the upper digestive tract in children.
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References
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Review
For citations:
Voronetsky A.N. Epidemiological aspects of esophageal burns in children due to ingestion of chemical substances. Healthcare. 2024;(2):17-23. (In Russ.)
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