Objective. То study the characteristic clinical and diagnostic features in adolescent girls with various phenotypes of theemerging polycystic ovary syndrome.

Materials and methods. The study included 205 teenage girls aged 12-18 years. The main group consisted of159 girls with signs of PCOS and 46 healthy girls - the control group. Their questionnaires and clinical examination wereconducted.

Results. The most pronounced deviations in sexual development were revealed in the classical PCOS phenotype. Ingirls with disorders corresponding to the specified phenotype, an inversion of the development of secondary sexualcharacteristics was noted in 21 % of cases, in 42% - later telarche, in 18,4 % - later menarche. The sonographic criteriafor the emerging polycystic ovary syndrome are: increased ovarian volume, the presence of an echopositive stroma and alarge number of follicles of various diameters with an echopositive wall.

Conclusion. During the formation of the reproductive system, the following features of sexual development should betaken into account: aberration of the sequence of development of secondary sexual characteristics, early puberty, early orlate telarche, early or late age of menarche. The identification of these clinical signs is the premise for including such girlsinto the PCOS risk group in order to appropriately handle the reproductive function deviations at early stages of theirdevelopment.

One of the key risk factors for cardiovascular diseases is age. In early vascular aging syndrome age-associatedremodeling of the vascular wall develops faster than in the average population, ultimately leading to earlier onset ofcardiovascular diseases. Assessment of arterial stiffness by the velocity of pulse wave propagation in the carotid-femoralarea is one of the main methods for diagnosing early vascular aging syndrome. To assess arterial stiffness, parameters ofcentral hemodynamics are also used, such as central systolic and pulse blood pressure, augmentation index, measurementof the cardio-ankle vascular index. The review presents the results of studies of the most promising circulating biomarkersof early vascular aging syndrome: high-sensitivity С-reactive protein, interleukins, TNF-a, telomere length and telomeraseactivity, matrix metalloproteinases, growth differentiation factor-15, insulin-like growth factor-1, cystatin С, microRNA whichhave already shown high diagnostic significance and require further study. The research data on the identified new antiaging protein gene Klotho is presented. The article presents a large arsenal of modern instrumental parameters andbiochemical markers for assessing early vascular aging syndrome, the development and determination of which willimprove the diagnosis of both cardiovascular diseases and its complications.

Objective. To evaluate the capabilities of transvaginal ultrasound in diagnosing the presence and depth of tumor invasion into the myometrium in patients suffering from well-differentiated stage I endometrioid carcinoma.
Materials and methods. The material for the retrospective study was the data of patients with morphologically verified well-differentiated stage I endometrioid carcinoma who underwent diagnostics, including transvaginal ultrasound (TV ultrasound) and treatment including panhysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-ophrectomy or extended hysterectomy (with pelvic lymph node dissection) at the Republican Scientific Practical Center for OMR named after N. N. Alexandrov in 2011—2015, a total of 343 patients. The median age was 55 years, the minimum was 24 years, and the maximum was 77 years.
The research methods included calculation of operational characteristics of TV ultrasound for diagnosing the presence and depth of tumor invasion into the myometrium. The method of binary logistic regression and the Mann — Whitney test were used. All p values were two-sided, and differences were considered statistically significant at p<0,05.
Results. The diagnostic sensitivity (DS) of TV ultrasound for determining the depth of tumor invasion into the myometrium for patients with G1 endometrioid carcinoma was 87,5 %, diagnostic specificity (DS) — 94,5 %, diagnostic accuracy (DT) — 94,2 %, predictive value positive result (PCR) — 43,8 %, negative predictive value (NPV) — 99,4 %. When deciding on the extent of surgical intervention based on TV ultrasound data, only 4,1 % (95 % CI (2,3—6,8)) of patients will receive excessive surgical treatment, insufficient — 0.6 % (95 % CI (0,07—2,1)).
The frequency of TV ultrasound to determine the presence of tumor invasion into the myometrium for patients of reproductive age with G1 endometrioid carcinoma was 58 %, DS — 77 %, DT — 72 %, PCPR — 50 %, PCOR — 82 %. When making a decision on organ-preserving treatment for the implementation of the reproductive function of these patients based on the results of TV ultrasound, 50 % of patients for whom organ-preserving treatment is possible will be unreasonably denied it, 18 % (95 % CI (8,8—29,9)) of patients will be offered organ-preserving treatment that does not correspond to the degree of cancer risk.
Conclusion. For patients with morphologically verified well-differentiated stage I endometrioid carcinoma, TV ultrasound demonstrates high efficiency in determining the depth of tumor invasion into the myometrium. The accuracy of diagnosing the presence of tumor invasion into the myometrium in patients of reproductive age is 71,6 % (95 % CI (61,0—81,0)), which cannot be considered sufficient and it is necessary to study the use of more accurate diagnostic methods.

The article provides an overview of the information about cannabis high-yield, export-oriented agricultural crop with unique properties, cultivation of which (technical and medical varieties) in Belarus it should be revived due to the possibility of its use in the vast majority of economic sectors with a wide range of high-quality products with a low cost price. The revival of hemp farming should make a significant contribution to the development of the Belarusian economy, medicine and improving the welfare of the Belarusian people.

This study aimed to present the outcome of children rehabilitation who underwent surgery on the esophagus. For this reason the results of a survey of 56 patients aged 2 to 18 years who underwent surgery to restore the esophagus 1—18 years ago were analyzed by psychologist of Republican Scientific and Practical Center for Pediatric Surgery. In this group of operated children, there were 26 patients with burn injury of the esophagus and 30 with congenital pathology of the esophagus. At the same time, a survey was conducted among the parents of the operated patients. For this purpose, special techniques were used to assess the psychological component in the process of patient rehabilitation with the ability to trace the dynamics and degree of adaptation in society of a child who has an artificial esophagus as a result of previous operations

The article analyzes the results of the authors’ own research into the connection between non-constructive compliance and aggressive behavior in a state of intoxication in individuals dependent on alcohol. To do this, constructive and conditionally constructive types of compliance were combined, and each of the non-constructive ones, on the contrary, was separated into a separate group. As a result of the study, predictors were identified and their predictive significance for deficient compliance was investigated; it was also possible to «distinguish» conditionally constructive and non-constructive types of compliance. It was possible to identify specific signs of negativistic and unstable compliance solely in terms of the characteristics of the family structure.