Different methods for measuring dynamic visual acuity (DVA) and it dependence on the size of visual objects are described. The dependence DVA from static visual acuity (SVA), and the dependence DVA on the function of mechanisms that project the image and holding it on the retina, as well as on the processing speed of visual signals in the brain visual centers, are described. Based on the results of this study and literature data, the DVA mechanisms and reasons of its deteriorations in patients with diseases of visual and central nervous systems are discussed. Approaches to standardization of DVA measurement are proposed.

The article presents modern data on the issues of aetiopathogenesis, diacrisis and classification of Barrett esophagus. Treatment methods are described, both conservative, including the most effective medications and surgical interferences. Endoscopic treatment methods are depicted in detail including the analysis of their effectiveness and possible risks of complications.

Recent advances in the field of obtaining, purification and cellular delivery of RNA into the patient´s body have allowed to develop RNA-based therapeutic tools for treatment of a wide range of diseases, including cardiovascular ones. RNA therapy is a new, rapidly developing area of medicine that uses various RNA molecules as therapeutic agent. These medications are cost-effective, relatively easy to manufacture and can treat previously untreatable pathological processes. Currently, all RNA medications are divided into five groups and include antisense oligonucleotides (ASO), small interfering RNAs (siRNAs), microRNAs (miRNAs), RNA aptamers and mRNAs. RNA therapeutic drugs are designed to regulate the activity of genes and, depending on the chosen strategy, can replace, supplement, correct, suppress or eliminate the expression of the target gene. This mini review considers the challenges and advantages associated with the use of RNA-based medications, various approaches to their delivery to the patient´s cells, as well as the mechanisms of action of selected RNA medications. In addition, the review provides information on effectiveness of selected RNA-based drugs that are currently undergoing clinical trials or have already received regulatory approval.

Objective. Tо determine the differences in the assessment оf the severity оf a children´s burn injury оn the different stages оf medical care.

Materias and methods. The material оf investigatiоn presented by data abоut deep thermal burns in 207 children underwent surgical treatment in children´s burn department оf the City Clinical Emergency Hоspital frоm 2018 tо 2022. Infоrmatiоn in medical cards have been analyzed at the stages beginning frоm emergency medical care and fоllоw up оutpatient, inpatient and specialized cоmbustiоlоgical medical care.

Results. Predоminantly numbers оf referral diagnоses were an underestimatiоn оf the depth оf the burn injury and withоut indicatiоn оf the specific cause оf the burn injury. When specialized medical care was prоvided by a cоmbustiоlоgist the specific causes оf the burn were indicated fоr all admitted children in the diagnоsis. At the same time, mоre than 80 % оf cases accоunted fоr the cоrrect interpretatiоn оf the depth оf the burn injury.

Conclusion. Visually, during clinical examinatiоn, an adequate interpretatiоn оf burn wоunds at different stages оf medical care is very difficult. The result оf treatment and the severity оf the cоnsequences in children with thermal burns depends оn the start date оf specialized inpatient treatment. This situatiоn necessitates the earliest pоssible hоspitalizatiоn оf children with burns in a specialized department fоr the prоvisiоn оf qualified medical care by specialists-cоmbustiоlоgists.

Objective. The mail aim of the report is to demonstrate the effectiveness of three-dimensional (3D) modeling in preoperative planning, quality control and monitoring of the operated structures condition after a complex tracheobronchoangioplasty for centrally located lung cancer.

Materials and methods. A 67-year-old patient undergone a complex parenchyma-sparing reconstructive surgery on the lung. Operation planning was carried out on the 3D models, which had been built with the help of 3D Slicer software product based on chest CT scans. Quality control of the operation was implemented intraoperatively by comparing the removed specimen with its model. Monitoring of the operated structures was conducted by analyzing 3D models constructed on the basis of postoperative studies.

Results. The operation was performed strictly in accordance with the plan. The postoperative course was uneventful. The observation period constituted 18 months. Signs of the disease progression were not detected; arterial and bronchial anastomoses are permeable. An increase in the operated lung was noted.

Conclusion. 3D modeling is an effective tool in terms of preoperative planning, quality control and monitoring of the operated structures after complex tracheobronchoangioplasty for centrally located lung cancer.

About some issues of the viral infections prevention and approaches to the use of antiseptics for the prevention of infections caused by enveloped and non-enveloped viruses

The article is devoted to some acute respiratory viral infections prevention measures and highlights the antiseptical efficacy problems of isopropyl and ethyl alcohol-based anticeptics for infections caused by enveloped and unenveloped viruses.