The article covers the history of the founder of the periodical medical press in Belarus — the journal «Healthcare», inextricably linked with the development of medicine and health care of the republic. The role and significance of the predecessors of «Healthcare» are shown — the journals «Belorusskaya Medicinskaya Mysl», «Belorusskaya Mehdichnaya Dumka», «Medical Journal of the BSSR», «Healthcare of Belarus» in the development of domestic health care and medical science. The activities of the editorial staff, editorial board and chief editors throughout the existence of the journal are described. The contribution of «Healthcare» to the professional communication of Belarusian doctors, scientists and the introduction of the republic´s doctors to the achievements of domestic and world medicine is shown.

Objective. To model the influence of the structure and level of alcohol consumption on the rate of disability adjusted life years (DALY) in Belarus.

Materials and methods. Official data of the National Statistical Committee of the Republic of Belarus. Global Burden of Disease Study 2019 (GBD 2019) Data Resources. Econometric analysis.

Results and conclusion. Significant positive economic effects will be accompanied by both a decrease in the total volume of alcohol consumption and a change in the consumption structure due to a decrease in the share of spirits: a reduction in consumption to 8 l per person aged 15 years and older with an unchanged structure will provide an economic effect equivalent to 0,9 to 1,4 % of GDP per year, and a decrease in the proportion of strong alcohol (including «other») up to 15 % with a constant level of consumption will provide about 1,5 % of GDP annual economic effect. Simultaneous reduction of the consumption level to 8 l and the share of strong alcohol to 15 % will give an economic effect of 2,2 to 3,2 % of GDP.

According to international epidemiological studies, the prevalence of chronic pain in the world is about 20% of the world´s population. Chronic pain has a significant economic and social impact on society, leads to a limitation of the physical, mental and social functioning of a particular person, and generally worsens the quality of his life. The World Congress of the International Association for the Study of Pain in 2013 declared that “pain treatment is a fundamental human right.” The publication contains information about the problem of chronic pain, which has a complex biopsychosocial structure, and ways to solve it, where the key, taking into account world experience, is the interdisciplinary interaction of medical professionals of various profiles. The authors of the publication talk about the importance of organizing a national system of pain care, the need for additional education of health workers at the pre- and postgraduate levels of medical education.

The article is devoted to pacemaker-induced tachycardia, a complication of the functioning of anti-bradyarrhythmic dual-chamber cardiac devices. Step-by-step patient counseling using the clinical approach and the PBL-STOP algorithm is considered. Particular issues of medical care are presented based on publications of clinical electrophysiologists and recommendations of the European Society of Cardiology.

Objective. Conduct an analysis of literary data on the structural and functional features of the fabella. To study the shape, size and frequency of occurrence of the sesamoid bone in the population of the Republic of Belarus, depending on age and gender, to establish morphometric indicators of the fabella.

Materials and methods. The material for this study was data obtained from the study of ultrasound and radiographs in lateral projections of the knee joints in 224 patients aged 27 to 86 years.

Results. The study found that fabella occurs in 22,7 % of cases, with approximately the same frequency in men (51 %) and women (49 %). Unilateral location was more common on the left in 59 % of cases, on the right was observed in 41 % of cases. Bilateral position was noted in 4 % of cases.

The practical significance of the work is due to the fact that the fabella can be involved in various pathological conditions, such as fabella syndrome, chondromalacia, compression of the peroneal nerve, dislocation, and fabella fracture. The obtained data on the structural features of the osteoarticular and capsular-ligamentous apparatus of the knee joint play an important role in the doctor establishing the correct diagnosis and choosing the optimal tactics for further treatment of diagnosed diseases of the anatomical region being studied.

The article describes the experience of tocilizumab using in three patients with severe autoimmune orbitopathy who did not respond to treatment with pulse corticosteroid therapy. The only alternative for these patients was surgery. Our goal was to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of treatment with tocilizumab for this pathology.

Objective. To establish the prognostic value of the malignancy grading of adult-type diffuse gliomas in the absence of a mutation in the IDH gene (IDHwt).

Materials and methods. The retrospective study included 639 patients with a morphologically established diagnosis of diffuse glioma of the adult type of the brain with varying malignancy grading (grade 2—4) and IDHwt, treated in 2017— 2021. In 67 (10,5 %) patients, the malignancy grading of the tumor corresponded to grade 2, in 59 (9,2 %) — grade 3 and 513 (80,3 %) — grade 4 (glioblastoma, GBM).

Results. The results of treatment of patients with diffuse adult gliomas grade 2 (median overall survival (OS) not reached, 5-year OS 56,0±6,9 %) were statistically significantly better compared with patients with grade 3 (median and 5-year OS 11,5±2,8 months and 9,5±4,9 %; p<0,001) and grade 4 (GBM) (median and 5-year OS 9,4±0,6 months and 2,1±1,0 %; p<0,001). There were no statistically significant differences in OS between patients with grade 3 and grade 4 GBM) (p=0,638).

Conclusion. Inclusion of patients with diffuse adult-type gliomas with grade 2 into the nosological type «glioblastoma» only on the basis of IDHwt is inappropriate due to the higher OS in this subgroup of tumors. In the case of planning clinical trials and including patients with diffuse adult-type gliomas grade 2—3 with IDHwt, additional molecular genetic studies must be carried out (determining EGFR amplification, TERTp mutation, acquisition of chromosome 7 and loss of chromosome 10 ) in order to determine the possibility of classifying these tumors into the category «glioblastoma».

Objective. To evaluate the effectiveness of surgical treatment of patients with anterior abdominal wall hernias after the sublay hernioplasty technique, as well as with the developed method of alloplasty and hernioplastics with polypropylene mesh treated with platelet-rich plasma (PRP).

Materials and methods. The study included 98 patients with incisional and primary ventral hernias: Group 1 — 37 patients operated in 2013—2015 using the sublay method; Group 2 — 30 patients operated on in 2016 — 2019 using hernioplasty according to the developed method; Group 3 — 31 patients with primary and incisional ventral hernias repaired with polypropylene mesh treated with PRP.

Results. Surgical treatment of postoperative ventral hernias using sublay polypropylene mesh repair is associated with local complications in 10.8 % of cases. Recurrent hernias were reported in 17.2 % of cases. In the long-term postoperative period, 34.5 % of patients had pain syndrome: pain at rest in 10.3% of patients, and pain during physical activity — in 24.2

% of patients.

The developed method of the anterior abdominal wall plastics reduces the rate of postoperative complications from 10.8 % to 3.3 %. Pain syndrome in the long-term postoperative follow-up was reported in 21.7 % of patients, and no recurrences during the follow-up observation period (4 to 7 years) were reported.

Hernioplasty with polypropylene mesh treated with PRP allowed reduction in the rate of early postoperative complications from 10.8 to 5.4 % and reduces the in-hospital stay by 22.4 % (from 8.5 to 6.6 days).

Conclusion. The surgical method of sublay ventral hernia repair is associated with relapses and pain in the long-term follow-up period, which encourages the search for ways to improve treatment outcomes. The developed method of hernioplasty with polypropylene mesh, as well as with PRP-treated mesh, allows to increase the effectiveness of surgical treatment of ventral hernias.

Ophthalmology is classified as a «narrow» specialty. This can be explained by the relative isolation of the organ of vision from our body. But this is very relative. In essence, there are no «isolated» organs, although relative «independence»,

«autonomy» of systems and organs exists.

Many general, systemic pathological processes, in particular cardiovascular and endocrine diseases, are manifested by changes in the organ of vision.

The close anatomical and topographic connections of the paranasal sinuses with the orbit predispose to the development of ophthalmological complications in almost all diseases of the paranasal sinuses, including neoplasms of the paranasal sinuses, among which the most common are mucoceles, which can spread into the orbit and, in rare cases, into the cranial cavity.

The purpose of this publication is a systematic presentation of the socio-medical aspects of citizens´ diseases within the framework of the training course «Social Medicine» for students, undergraduates and teachers of higher educational institutions in the humanities.

The content of the concept of disease is considered. The characteristics of the criteria that characterize the diseases of the population are given. Social factors, lifestyle factors and risk groups that contribute to the occurrence and development of the disease are revealed and described.

The article uses materials from the media library named after. M. E. Tikotsky Department of Services for the Faculties of Journalism and Philosophy and Social Sciences of the Fundamental Library of the BSU and elements of the educational portal of the BSU FFSN.